Hang Up Your Stockings on January 6th, as Rome Celebrates the Beloved Tradition of the Befana
January 6th is a special day in various cultures, known as the Epiphany, a religious celebration marking the arrival of the Three Magi to Jesus. In Italy, this day signifies the end of the Christmas season.
But on January 6th, Italy also honors another treasured folklore tradition: the Befana.
Meet the Befana
The Befana is a kind-hearted witch who visits children on the night between the 5th and 6th of January, filling their stockings with candy, chocolate, and toys. Naughty kids might find a piece of coal instead.
Riding on a broom in the night sky, the Befana carries a bag of treats. Her attire is described in an Italian rhyme: “la Befana vien di notte con le scarpe tutte rotte” (the Befana comes at night, with her shoes all tattered and torn).
To welcome her, Italian children leave out cookies and milk for the Befana.
Unveiling the History of the Befana
Some believe the name Befana originates from the word Epiphany (Italian: Epifania). In one tale, the Befana was invited by the Three Wise Men to join them on their journey to see baby Jesus. Unable to find Jesus, she shared her gifts with other children.
Another theory links the Befana to Roman folklore, specifically a holiday honoring Giano and Strenia, where gifts were exchanged.
Despite its origins, the Befana remains a timeless figure in Italian folklore. In fact, until the 1960s, Italian children received their Christmas presents on Befana Day!
Celebrating Befana in Rome
While the Befana is celebrated across Italy, Rome and central Italy hold special festivities.
Visit Piazza Navona on Epiphany Day for a vibrant Christmas market, offering candy, toys, and crafts. The Befana herself will be present, spreading joy to children with gifts and entertainment.
As January 6th is a public holiday in Italy, enjoy the celebrations and keep your stocking ready for the Befana’s visit!
